Learn to Write Naskh and Nastaliq
for Arabic, (Farsi) Persian, Pushtu, Urdu
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| Letter Forms and Variations |
| Arabic |
Farsi |
Pushtu |
Urdu |
|
Final Medial
Initial Independent |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
a |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
b |
 |
| |
|
P |
U |
bh |
 |
| |
F |
P |
U |
p |
 |
| |
|
|
U |
ph |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
t |
 |
| |
|
|
U |
th |
 |
| |
|
P |
|
t* |
 |
| |
|
|
U |
t* |
 |
| |
|
|
U |
th*, t*h |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
th# |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
j |
 |
| |
|
|
U |
jh |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
h* |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
x, kh* |
 |
| |
|
P |
U |
c |
 |
| |
|
|
U |
ch |
 |
| |
|
P |
|
c*, c# |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
d |
 |
| |
|
|
U |
dh |

 |
| |
|
P |
|
d* |
 |
| |
|
|
U |
d* |
 |
| |
|
|
U |
dh*, d*h |

 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
dh# |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
r |
 |
| |
|
P |
|
r* |
 |
| |
|
|
U |
r* |
 |
| |
|
|
U |
rh*, r*h |

 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
z |
 |
| |
F |
P |
U |
jh* |
 |
| |
|
P |
|
g# |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
s |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
sh |
 |
| |
|
P |
|
kh# |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
s# |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
d# |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
t# |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
z# |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
@ |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
g* |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
f, ph* |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
q, k* |
 |
| |
|
P |
|
k# |
 |
| A |
F |
|
|
k |
 |
| |
|
P |
U |
k |
 |
| |
|
|
U |
kh |
 |
| |
F |
|
|
g |
 |
| |
|
P |
|
g |
 |
| |
|
|
U |
g |
 |
| |
|
|
U |
gh |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
l |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
m |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
n |
 |
| |
|
|
U |
^ |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
|
h |
 |
| |
|
|
U |
h |
 |
| A |
|
|
|
ht |
 |
| |
F |
P |
|
~ |
 |
| |
|
|
U |
~ |
 |
| |
|
|
U |
..h |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
w |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
y |
 |
| |
|
|
U |
e |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
' |
 |
| A |
F |
P |
U |
' ', < |
 |
Date of last edit: 28 November 2007